7 Most Common Cyber-attacks Explained

Common Cyber-Attack Types and How to Recognise Them

Over 80% of UK organisations reported experiencing at least one successful cyber-attack in 2020/2021. As cyber threats evolve, it’s essential to be informed about the most common types that may impact your business.

1. Malware: The Root of Most Cyber-Attacks

Malware, short for "malicious software," is designed to disrupt or gain control over your computer system. This harmful software often hides in files or appears as a legitimate app, taking advantage of vulnerabilities in your software or hardware. Most malware attacks rely on a critical component – human error. Attackers may trick users into opening infected files or clicking unsafe links. Installing reputable antivirus software is one way to defend against malware threats.

2. Ransomware: Holding Your Data Hostage

Ransomware is a particularly harmful form of malware that encrypts a victim’s files, holding them hostage until a ransom is paid. This type of attack is on the rise, partly due to the willingness of some businesses to pay the ransom to retrieve critical data. In 2020, 13% of affected UK businesses paid the ransom to regain access. Ransomware not only puts your data at risk but can also result in significant downtime and financial loss.

3. Phishing: Don’t Take the Bait

Phishing attacks aim to lure unsuspecting individuals into sharing sensitive information by posing as a trustworthy source. For example, users may receive an email that appears legitimate, prompting them to click a malicious link or provide confidential details. In May 2021 alone, phishing attacks surged by 440%, highlighting how pervasive this threat has become. Phishing messages often exploit emotions, creating a sense of urgency to prompt users into action.

4. Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks

DoS attacks involve overwhelming a website or system with traffic, causing it to crash or become inaccessible. DDoS attacks, a more advanced form, send massive amounts of traffic from multiple sources to achieve the same effect. These attacks can disrupt services, making it crucial for businesses to have robust cybersecurity measures in place to handle unexpected traffic surges.

5. SQL Injection: Manipulating Databases

SQL injection is a common cyber-attack that targets databases. By inserting malicious code into SQL statements, attackers can retrieve sensitive information, such as customer data. This tactic is often executed on login screens or data entry fields. With the growing reliance on database-driven applications, SQL injections pose a considerable risk, especially to businesses that store customer data.

6. Password Attacks: Weak Passwords Are an Open Invitation

Password attacks are one of the simplest ways for hackers to gain unauthorised access to systems. By systematically guessing combinations of usernames and passwords, attackers can gain full access if passwords are weak. A strong password policy is crucial to safeguard sensitive data. Using multi-factor authentication (MFA) is also an effective way to enhance security, making it more challenging for attackers to break in.

7. Insider Threats: Attacks from Within

Not all threats come from external sources. Insider threats occur when someone within an organisation, whether maliciously or accidentally, puts company data at risk. These threats are particularly concerning because insiders often know the organisation’s systems and vulnerabilities well. Unsecured networks, such as public Wi-Fi, can also enable attackers to intercept communications, posing an additional risk to sensitive data.

The Impact of Cyber-Attacks on Small Businesses

When a cyber-attack targets a small business, the effects can be devastating. It’s not just data at risk but also your company’s reputation, customer trust, and financial stability. Downtime, lost revenue, and the cost of repairing systems can strain a business’s resources. It’s crucial for small businesses to have a comprehensive cybersecurity strategy to mitigate these risks.

Learn more about the importance of small business cybersecurity and how it can safeguard your business assets.

Protecting Your Business with Cyber Insurance

Securing the right cyber insurance policy is essential to protect your business from the growing threat of cyber-attacks. Cyber Insurance may cover a range of risks, including data breaches, hacker damage, and privacy protection. Don’t let a cyber-attack catch you unprepared; secure your business’s future by exploring your options today.